You should stick with more “corporate” or adjacent distros, that way they (or you) can purchase a support contract without having to reinstall or shift later down the line, so more like fedora or opensuse.
Postgress is more mainstream than SQL server in cloud native environments, no licensing. And plenty of managed option without too much of a lift and shift.
Next cloud might be an option to replace office 365, should look at open/only office (forget which one is active) along side libre office.
I think jitski can help replace zoom/teams, kind if.
Biggest hurdle will be excel and Active Directory Nothing else comes close to as feature (and hair pulling bug) filled as excel.
For AD there’s not even really an equivalent, but that can be a good thing. I would look into combining an Oauth service (keycloak is suppose to be good for “consumer” grade, Okta or whatever preferred cloud provide has for more professional) along with something like a casbin library (at least for servers/development).
I highly recommend following all the self hosted and open source communities here on Lemmy, I find new tech at least once a week from them that I consider taking to my bosses.
Oh and pangolin for a VPN tunneling replacement.
Proxmox communities are also good for some ideas, basically every sysadmin I know eventually spins up a cluster and builds their ideal tech stack that they wished they could use at work.